The modern world is built with concrete. Our skyscrapers, our bridges, and our homes all rely on this durable material. But this strength comes at a severe environmental cost: the concrete industry is responsible for approximately 8% of all global carbon emissions.
Addressing this critical problem, experts at the University of Pennsylvania in the U.S. have taken a revolutionary step. They have developed “Diamanti,” a new, eco-friendly concrete that is not only stronger than traditional concrete but also has the ability to absorb carbon dioxide from the air.
The project’s design is based on patterns found in nature, specifically the internal structure of human bones. Just as our bones are porous yet incredibly strong, “Diamanti” is formed into a lattice-like structure using 3D robotic printing.
The first practical demonstration of this technology was a pedestrian bridge. This structure used 60% less concrete than a conventional bridge but delivered the exact same level of strength.
“Diamanti’s” greatest achievement, however, is its environmental benefit. Ordinary concrete only reabsorbs about 30% of the carbon generated during its creation. This new mixture, in contrast, can absorb 142% more carbon. It uses a special natural material called “Diatomaceous Earth,” which is made from the fossils of algae. The microscopic pores in this material allow carbon to penetrate deep inside, reducing the burden on the atmosphere.
Another major advantage of this design is that it reduces the reliance on steel by up to 80%, leading to a 25% to 30% reduction in construction costs.
“This model exceeded all our expectations,” said Professor Masoud Akbarzadeh, who published the research in the prestigious scientific journal Advanced Functional Materials.
After a successful 10-meter test bridge, the team is now preparing to build its first real-world bridge over the River Seine in France. The technology is currently on display at the European Cultural Centre in Venice, Italy, as part of the Venice Architecture Biennale 2025. Experts believe this innovation will not be limited to bridges; it could soon be used for floors, walls, and other structural components, heralding a new, sustainable relationship between construction and the environment.
